Gary Bankhead

Amateur underwater archaeologist, author, small finds researcher and illustrator.
 
Gary Bankhead Gary Bankhead is an Honorary Fellow in the Department of Archaeology at Durham University, where he coordinates the wider research of the Durham River Wear Assemblage. Alongside his own ongoing small finds research, Gary works closely with Durham University students on the MA in Museum and Artefact Studies and the MA in Conservation of Archaeological and Museum Objects. Together, they analyse, research, and display artefacts recovered from the River Wear (see: student case studies). He also collaborates with specialists in traditional archaeological skills—from finds drawing to comparative analysis and typology development—ensuring the assemblage is studied and presented to the highest standards.

Gary is also an external specialist for the Museum of London Archaeology (MOLA). Most recently, he has undertaken research on two significant assemblages of sixteenth‑ and seventeenth‑century lead cloth seals discovered during MOLA excavations at the Crossrail Project (Liverpool Street) and at Tanner Street, Bermondsey.
 
Gary Bankhead, Underwater Archaeologist
 
In 2025, Gary published Pilgrim Souvenirs, Devotional and Other Objects of Faith..., a landmark study focusing on the religious and devotional artefacts recovered from the River Wear. This work highlights the spiritual and cultural dimensions of medieval Durham, complementing the broader assemblage of more than 14,500 artefacts recovered from the river. His discoveries have also been showcased in exhibitions such as Hidden Stories from the River Wear at Durham University’s Museum of Archaeology, which brought to light unusual, playful, and romantic artefacts spanning over 1,000 years of history.

As current President of the Vedra Hylton Community Association, a local community archaeology group based in Sunderland, Gary has led archaeological excavations that uncovered a significant and previously unknown Romano‑British site. These discoveries have reshaped understanding of the region’s ancient past and highlight the importance of community‑driven heritage projects in revealing new chapters of Sunderland’s history.

Beyond academia and community leadership, Gary is an amateur underwater archaeologist, small finds researcher, and illustrator. He lives in Pity Me, County Durham, with his wife Angela. A qualified BSAC Dive Leader and Level 3 water rescue technician, Gary has been a sub‑aqua diver for over 35 years, exploring UK inshore waters and the Egyptian Red Sea. He is a member of the Nautical Archaeology Society.

An accomplished public speaker, Gary has delivered more than 250 talks, papers, and lectures, sharing his expertise and passion for archaeology and adventure. His interests extend to long‑distance walking, mountain climbing (including a successful summit of Cerro Aconcagua, 6,960m, Argentina, in 2007), running (with over 20 full and half marathons completed), snowboarding, and snorkeling. In 2004, he co‑founded the Fire and Ice Expeditions team, which has since raised over £100,000 for local charities, combining exploration with community impact.

Gary also shares his work more widely through his YouTube/GaryBankhead channel, which showcases his underwater discoveries and provides audiences with unique insights into the River Wear Assemblage and his broader archaeological projects.
 
 

Curriculum Vitae

  • Contact Details:
    Gary Bankhead, Honorary Fellow in the Department of Archaeology, Durham University, South Rd., Durham, DH1 3LE.
    Email: gary.bankhead@durham.ac.uk

  • Educational History:
    Master of Philosophy (MPhil) — University of Durham (2013-2016) 'A cultural, scientific and technical study of the Durham lead cloth seal assemblage'.
    Certificate of Education (2009-2011), New College, Durham.
    Chartered Management Institute (CMI) Level 5 Executive Diploma in Management (2005-2006), Teesside University.
    National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health (NEBOSH) (2003).
    Higher National Certificate (HNC) Sports Science (Distinction) (2001), New College Durham.

  • Organizations:
    Finds Research Group (Committee Member) 2020 - present.
    AASDN (Committee Member) 2013 - present.
    Durham University Archaeological Society (Committee Member) 2011 - 2018.

  • Social media:
    YouTube
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    Instagram

  • Media Contact: casting@pastpreservers.com



  • TV Appearances:
    Digging for Britain, S.11:1. The Roman Emperor's Bathhouse; BBC Two - Jan 2024.
    River Hunters, S.3:4. Roman Scotland; Sky History - May 2022.
    River Hunters, S.3:3. Welsh Rebellion; Sky History - May 2022.
    River Hunters, S.3:2. Battle of Culloden; Sky History - May 2022.
    Matt Baker Travels with Mum and Dad: More4 - Apr 2022.
    Antiques Road Trip, S.24:12. BBC One - Jan 2022.
    River Hunters, S.3:1. Battle of Towton; Sky History - Nov 2021.
    River Hunters, S.2:6. Knaresborough Castle; Sky History - May 2021.
    River Hunters, S.2:5. The Colchester Seige; Sky History - May 2021.
    River Hunters, S.2:4. Canterbury Murder; Sky History - Apr 2021.
    River Hunters, S.2:3. Scotland and the Civil War; Sky History - Apr 2021.
    River Hunters, S.2:2. Viking Invasion; Sky History - Apr 2021.
    River Hunters, S.2:1. The Battle of Killiecrankie; Sky History - Apr 2021.
    Inside Out North East and Cumbria: BBC One - Oct 2019.
    River Hunters, S.1:7. Durham - Henry VIII; History Channel - Apr 2019.
    River Hunters, S.1:6. Barnard Castle - River Tees; Histroy Channel - Apr 2019.
    River Hunters, S.1:4. River Trent - Vikings; History Channel - Apr 2019.
    River Hunters, S.1:3. Newark - English Civil War; History Channel - Apr 2019.
    River Hunters, S.1:2. Warwick - War of the Roses; History Channel - Mar 2019.
    Britain's Greatest Cathedrals: Channel 5 - Apr 2018.
    Britain's Secret Treasures: ITV - Jul 2012.
    The Great British Story - From the Dales to the Sea: BBC One - Jun 2012.

  • Selected Articles in Refereed Journals or Conference Proceedings:
    • Bankhead, G. 2025. 'Dutch Cloth Seals' In Lewis, M and Richardson, I 'Beneath our Feet' The British Museum. Thames and Hudson.
    • Bankhead, G. 2024. 'Cloth Seals' In Lucas, G and Snæsdóttir, M (eds) 'Skálholt Excavations of a Bishop´s residence and school c.1650-1790. Volume 2: The Artefacts'. Institute of Archaeology, Reykjavik Monograph No. 2.
    • Bankhead, G. 2021. 'A Late-Medieval Pectoral Cross Pilgrim Sign from the River Wear, Durham' In Caple, C and Garlick, V (eds) 'Studies in Archaeological Conservation'. Routledge.
    • Bankhead, G. & Caple, C. 2019. 'Deliberate disposition, waste disposal or dropped? – Developing a new understanding of Durham’s urban past' in 'Conference proceedings: Hoarding and deposition in Europe from later prehistory to the medieval period – finds in context; London (UK), 12-14 June 2019'. Edited by Isabelle Bertrand, Emma Durham, Jenny Hall, Jackie Keily and Matthew G. Knight. Instrumentum Europe.
    • Bankhead, G. 2019. in 'An important 16th-century finds assemblage from ‘Moorfields’, Liverpool Street, London' By R. S. Cubitt, R. Hartle, M. Marshall, B. Richardson, E. Allison With contributions from, Gary Bankhead, Julian Bowsher, Vicki Ewens, Nigel Jeffries, Alan Pipe, Frances Pritchard & Karen Stewart: Post-Medieval Archaeology.
    • Bankhead, G. 2018. 'Artefact research report: a late-medieval pectoral cross recovered from the River Wear near Elvet Bridge, County Durham', in D. Mason (ed.) 'Durham Archaeological Journal 21'. Transactions of the Architectural and Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland. Alphagraphics UK.
    • Bankhead, G. & Pearce, J. in prep. 'The Tanner Street, Bermondsey Lead Cloth Seal Assemblage - An Overview'. Post-Medieval Archaeology.
    • Bankhead, G. 2018. 'Appendix - Cloth Analysis'. In Maunder, P and Evans, J 'Tiverton Cloth: The Story of the Town's Woollen Trade 1475 - 1815'. Short Run Press Ltd. Exeter. 413.
    • Bankhead, G. 2016. 'The Broadgate lead cloth seals (Crossrail - Liverpool Street Excavation) - Evidence of the Finishing and Sealing of Textiles in Sixteenth Century Broadgate.' MOLA research report. Unpublished.
    • Bankhead, G. 2016. 'A cultural, scientific and technical study of the Durham lead cloth seal assemblage' Unpublished thesis. University of Durham.
    • Bankhead, G. 2015. 'The Tanner Street, Bermondsey, lead cloth seal assemblage - an overview.' MOLA research report. Unpublished.


  • Books:
    Bankhead, G. 2025. 'Pilgrim Souvenirs, Devotional and other Objects of Faith: Late-medieval to modern period small finds from the River Wear, Durham', The Architectural and Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland Research Report 9. Imprint Academic Ltd, Exeter.

    Bankhead, G. 2022. 'Textile Manufacture, Taxation and Trade in Late- and Post-Medieval Durham City', The Architectural and Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland Research Report 8. 4Word Ltd, Bristol.

  • Papers:
    November 2024: Durham University 'Archaeology of Waterways'. A Nautical Archaeological Society, Finds Research Group, AASDN, and Department of Archaeology joint conference: 'Beneath Elvet Bridge: investigating a submerged, multi-period archaeological site'.

    March 2023: Durham University 'Archaeology of the River Wear Conference'. A AASDN and Department of Archaeology, joint conference: 'Elvet Bridge, Durham: Investigating a multi-period underwater archaeological site'.

    November 2020: Nautical Archaeological Society Annual Conference 2020 'Deliberate Disposition, Waste Disposal or Dropped'.

    June 2019: Kings College, The Strand, London 'Hoarding and deposition in Europe from later prehistory to the medieval period - finds in context' The Roman Finds Group, Later Prehistoric Finds Group and Finds Research Group in collaboration with King's College London and Instrumentum International Meetings: 'Deliberate disposition or accidental loss? - A new understanding and interpretation of an urban past'.

    April 2018: Durham University 'Archaeology and the small finds of North-East England' a Finds Research Group, AASDN and Department of Archaeology, Durham University joint conference: 'Elvet Bridge, Durham: investigating a multi-period underwater archaeological site'.

    October 2017: Museum of Archaeology Durham University (part of the Dig Deeper talks): 'Investigating the small finds from Durham's River Wear - a scientific approach'.

    July 2016: Ashmolean Museum (Part of Festival or Archaeology Week): 'The Durham River Wear Assemblage'.

    November 2014: Museum of London 'Discovery is just the beginning...' The Nautical Archaeological Society and Thames Discovery Programme Annual Conference: 'The Place of Bishops and Saints: pilgrimage, power and trade in medieval Durham'.

    June 2014: Museum of Archaeology, Durham University Diving into Durham Study Day (part of Universities Week): 'Reading Objects: Case studies from the River Wear Assemblage'.

    October 2013: British Museum 'The Forgotten Past: post-medieval small finds and their contributions to our understanding the past.' A Portable Antiquities Scheme and Finds Research Group. Conference: 'The Durham Cloth Seal Assemblage: New revelations on the importance of merchants, trade and social hierarchy in the North-East of England'

    March 2011: Durham County Hall Durham County Archaeology Day: 'Some Medieval Finds from the River Wear, Durham'.

  • Prizes/Awards: 2012: Joint winner of the Finds Research Group's Geoff Egan prize for finds research: 'Artefact Report: a late-fourteenth century pectoral cross/pilgrim souvenir'.
 
 
Gary Bankhead, Underwater Archaeologist
 
Gary Bankhead, Elvet Bridge, Durham
 
Gary Bankhead, Elvet Bridge, Pilgrim souvenir